Born in Bulgaria in 1941, Julia Kristeva has lived and worked in France since 1966. The holder of a PhD in Literature, she is also a noted novelist, psychoanalyst, semiologist and essayist. An intellectual ally of Roland Barthes and Jacques Lacan, her work has played a key role in the development of post-structuralist thought. In the course of a university career in both France and the United States, authored a number of major theoretical works, which mainly focus on the reconciliation of political and personal dimensions of human existence.
Her most famous works include The Samurai, The Sense and Non-Sense of Revolt, and The feminine and the sacred.